When considering a Java program, it consists of objects communicating by invoking each other's methods. Let's delve into the concepts of classes, objects, methods, and instance variables: Object - Objects in Java encapsulate states (e.g., color, name, breed) and behaviors (e.g., wagging, barking, eating). Each object is an instance of a class. Class - A class serves as a blueprint or template defining the behaviors and states that objects of its type support. Methods - Methods represent the behaviors of a class. They contain the logic, manipulate data, and execute actions within a program. Instance Variables - Every object possesses its own set of instance variables. These variables determine the state of an object by holding assigned values. First Java Program: Let's start